Common grammar blunders to avoid.
Try as I might, I couldn’t come up with a silly near-homophone to throw into this exposition on its and it’s. Were yurts and tutus as good as it gets? Perish the thought!
Small as they are, its and it’s are rather difficult to learn to use properly, and as a result, quite commonly misused. Let’s see if we can remedy the situation a bit, shall we?
Its and it’s have the same root word: it. It is a gender-neutral singular pronoun used for objects, groups, a concept or abstract idea, activity, animals whose sex isn’t known, or as an impersonal subject of the verb to be, especially to refer to time, distance, or weather. You might not believe me, but this is by no means an exhaustive list. It is yet another word for which there are many, many entries in the dictionary. I encourage you to look it up yourself
The most likely reason that its and it’s are so difficult is the fact that they’re in reverse of the normal grammatical rules and conventions. Normally, to pluralize a word, we add an s, and an apostrophe-s to show possession, and an s-apostrophe to indicate plural possession. But it is always singular, so no need to make for plural or plural possessive.
So what to do when it owns something? Under normal grammatical rules, we’d just go with it’s, but it is a grammatical black sheep. When it owns something we add the s with no apostrophe and get its.
For example: That dog is angry and baring its teeth. Its hair is standing on end.
So what does it’s mean? It’s is a contraction or shortening of two words, the phrase it is.
For example: You can tell by the clouds that it’s about to rain.
An easy way to remember the correct usage of its and it’s is to replace them with it is. If it is works, use it’s. Otherwise, it must own something and you’d use its.